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Yom Kippur WarThe Yom Kippur War was fought in October 1973 between Israel and a coalition led by Egypt and Syria, which launched a surprise attack to regain territory captured by Israel in 1967.War of AttritionThe War of Attrition was a prolonged Egyptian–Israeli conflict from 1967 to 1970, fought mainly along the Suez Canal as Egypt sought to recover territory lost in the Six-Day War.Suez CrisisThe Suez Crisis was a 1956 invasion of Egypt by Israel, Britain and France after President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal Company.Suez CanalThe Suez Canal is an artificial waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. Since opening in 1869, it has shortened maritime travel between Europe and Asia and played a central role in Egyptian and international history.Sinai PeninsulaThe Sinai Peninsula is a triangular land bridge between Africa and Asia and part of Egypt. Bordered by the Mediterranean and Red Seas, it contains desert plains, high mountains and coastal settlements, and has been strategically important to trade, religion and Egyptian-Israeli relations.Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire was a multiethnic state founded in Anatolia around 1299 that governed territories across southeastern Europe, western Asia and North Africa until its dissolution after the First World War.Muslim BrotherhoodThe Muslim Brotherhood is a transnational Sunni Islamist movement founded in Egypt in 1928. It combines religious outreach and social services with political activism, and its branches and affiliates have played major roles in the politics of several Middle Eastern countries.Giza Pyramid ComplexThe Giza pyramid complex is an ancient Egyptian necropolis on the Giza Plateau, containing the Great Pyramid, the pyramids of Khafre and Menkaure, and the Great Sphinx.
