جمعہ، 13 نومبر، 2026

مشرق وسطیٰ کی خبریں، تجزیے اور معلومات

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Middle East Observer
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ممالک

ترکیہ

دارالحکومت
انقرہ
مقامی وقت
ہفتہ، 14 نومبر، 2026
موسم
موسم کی معلومات ہر چند گھنٹوں بعد اپ ڈیٹ ہوتی ہیں

وکی سے

TurkeyTurkey is a transcontinental republic spanning Anatolia and southeastern Europe. Founded in 1923 after the Ottoman Empire’s collapse, it combines a strategic role in NATO and regional diplomacy with a diverse economy, a powerful presidency and a society shaped by both secular republican institutions and Islamic traditions.Sykes–Picot AgreementThe Sykes–Picot Agreement was a secret 1916 understanding in which Britain and France planned spheres of influence in Ottoman Arab territories after the First World War.Recep Tayyip ErdoğanRecep Tayyip Erdoğan is a Turkish politician who has served as president since 2014, after serving as prime minister from 2003 to 2014. His tenure has reshaped Turkey’s political institutions, economy and foreign policy, while drawing sustained criticism over civil liberties and concentration of executive power.Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire was a multiethnic state founded in Anatolia around 1299 that governed territories across southeastern Europe, western Asia and North Africa until its dissolution after the First World War.Mustafa Kemal AtatürkMustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman military officer and revolutionary who founded the Republic of Turkey and served as its first president from 1923 until 1938. He led the Turkish nationalist movement, abolished the sultanate and caliphate, and introduced sweeping secularizing and modernization reforms.KurdsKurds are an Iranian ethnic group indigenous to a mountainous region spanning parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria, with a large diaspora and diverse political traditions.Kurdistan Workers’ PartyThe Kurdistan Workers’ Party is a Kurdish political and armed organization founded in Turkey in 1978. Its conflict with the Turkish state, ideological evolution and 2025 disarmament declaration have shaped regional politics for decades.IstanbulIstanbul is Turkey’s largest city, spanning the Bosporus between Europe and Asia. Known historically as Byzantium and Constantinople, it served as the capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman empires and remains a major centre of commerce, culture and transportation.

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