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Yemeni Civil WarYemen's civil war escalated in 2014 when Houthi forces seized Sana'a, drawing in a Saudi-led coalition and producing a prolonged conflict and humanitarian emergency.Sunni IslamSunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam. Its adherents recognize the authority of the early caliphs and developed diverse traditions of theology, law and communal practice.Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia is a monarchy occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula. Founded in 1932 under the House of Saud, it contains Islam’s two holiest cities and is a leading oil exporter; Vision 2030 now seeks to diversify its economy and expand tourism and entertainment.RiyadhRiyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia, situated on the central Najd plateau. It grew from a walled oasis settlement into a modern metropolis and is now the country’s principal centre of government, finance, commerce and culture.Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire was a multiethnic state founded in Anatolia around 1299 that governed territories across southeastern Europe, western Asia and North Africa until its dissolution after the First World War.Osama bin LadenOsama bin Laden founded and led al-Qaeda, the terrorist organization responsible for the September 11 attacks and other mass-casualty operations. He was killed by US forces in Pakistan in 2011 after nearly a decade in hiding.Mohammed bin SalmanMohammed bin Salman is the crown prince and prime minister of Saudi Arabia and the kingdom’s de facto ruler. He has launched Vision 2030 while centralizing political authority and facing criticism over repression, the Khashoggi murder and the Yemen war.MedinaMedina is a city in western Saudi Arabia and the second-holiest city in Islam, where Muhammad established the first Muslim community after the Hijra.
