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ZionismZionism is the Jewish national movement supporting the return of Jews to their ancestral homeland and the establishment and development of a Jewish state in the Land of Israel.Yom Kippur WarThe Yom Kippur War was fought in October 1973 between Israel and a coalition led by Egypt and Syria, which launched a surprise attack to regain territory captured by Israel in 1967.Yitzhak RabinYitzhak Rabin was an Israeli military commander, diplomat and politician who served twice as prime minister. He led Israel during the 1967 war, negotiated the Oslo Accords and Israel–Jordan peace treaty, and was assassinated in 1995.Yahya SinwarYahya Sinwar led Hamas in Gaza and became head of its political bureau in 2024. He was a principal architect of the 7 October 2023 attack on Israel and was killed by Israeli forces in Rafah in October 2024.Western WallThe Western Wall is a retaining wall of the Second Temple compound in Jerusalem and one of Judaism's most sacred sites, visited for prayer and pilgrimage.War of AttritionThe War of Attrition was a prolonged Egyptian–Israeli conflict from 1967 to 1970, fought mainly along the Suez Canal as Egypt sought to recover territory lost in the Six-Day War.Theodor HerzlTheodor Herzl was an Austro-Hungarian journalist and political activist who founded modern political Zionism. His 1896 book The Jewish State and the First Zionist Congress helped create an organized movement for a Jewish national home.Temple MountThe Temple Mount is a walled plateau in Jerusalem's Old City, sacred to Judaism and Islam and home to the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque.

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